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Method of Money Laundering Essay
Organizing stores The Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 expects banks to report any stores surpassing $10,000.01. This isn't an issue for the ...
Saturday, October 5, 2019
Global Perspectives on Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Global Perspectives on Health - Essay Example While aspects such as GDP growth, Infant Mortality Rate and Adult Literacy Rate, Tanzania records a relatively higher statistic in comparison to the whole of the average in the African Region. Nevertheless, when we look at the statistics in a global perspective, it can be concluded that the numbers for Tanzania is staggering. Total Fertility Rate, Under 5 Mortality Rate and Life Expectancy at Birth are just some of the health indicators which show how the country is struggling in indispensable area of health care. The graphs show that there is little to no progression in terms of Life Expectancy at Birth, Infant Mortality Rate, Under 5 Mortality Rate and Total Fertility Rate of Tanzania. It can be observed that Infant and Under 5 Mortality Rates gradually decreased in more recent years. Life expectancy was also augmented while Fertility Rate remained more or less at the same level. This increase in statistics is a good signifier of a move in progress in terms of health. Based on the data shown, it can be perceived that Tanzania has a reasonably high population rate wherein the number of male population is almost similar with the number of female population. It also illustrates that majority of this population are aged 20 and below. This can be directly related to the mortality and life expectancy rate of the country. The World Health Organization attributes the low level of health in the United Republic of Tanzania primarily to poor nutrition, illiteracy and gender inequality. HIV remains to be the most prevalent problem in the countryââ¬â¢s communicable DALY but some progress is being shown. From 9.9% as reported in 2000, HIV infection slowed down to 7% within the years 2003-2004 (World Health
Friday, October 4, 2019
YOUR CHOICE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
YOUR CHOICE - Essay Example The total amount of survey replies was used to minimize deviation. The methods of examination and analysis allow for an understanding of the averages and deviations associated with the deliverables, as will be further defined and shared within the research domain. In total, the survey and computer-assisted questionnaire objective is to define the statistics and deviations associated with the occupation and make recommendations for further investigation and possible solutions This analysis of overall job satisfaction rating will allow the research team to quantify the employees mental state and occupational desires by pointing to the positive and negative connotations. Understanding overall job satisfaction is important to gauge the satisfaction of an occupation as described: Job satisfaction is a combination of cognitive and affective contentment for an individual within a company. Affective satisfaction is that founded on an overall positive emotional assessment of the employeeââ¬â¢s job. This satisfaction focuses on their mood when working; i.e., whether the job evokes a good mood and positive feelings while working. (Reudaver et al p 793. 2002) The benefit to AIU is to gain a quantitative analysis of employee satisfaction in general and attitudes toward their work environment, allowing AIU to provide a national consideration for employee mental welfare. The questionnaire for overall job satisfaction was based on a scoring system of 1-7, with 1 being the lowest satisfaction and 7 being the highest on 155 points of data collected with the results for each employee organized in Graph 1.0: The data analysis was performed using Excel with the results in Table 1.0. The mean is 4.39, significant of the average score of satisfaction. The median score was 4.6, which is the number in the middle of data organized from lowest score to highest score. The mode character 5.8 is the largest
Thursday, October 3, 2019
Assess the extent to which we can uncover Essay Example for Free
Assess the extent to which we can uncover Essay Official crime statistics report crime levels have been reported to be steadily falling since 1995, although showing a slight increase in burglaries. These official statistics are released by the Home Office, and are collected from police records in the UK, these statistics are widely regarded to be a true and accurate measure of crime, despite evidence suggesting otherwise. Another way of recording crime is through self report studies, which although does give out some indication of crime levels, it is considered to be inaccurate due to the anonymity of those surveyed meaning there is a chance of exaggeration or lying. A more reliable source would perhaps be a victim survey such as the BCS, a large scale survey conducted in the UK, which enables victims to report crime. Criminologists have used these to try to decrease the amount of unknown or unrecorded crime. Yet again this gives those surveyed the cover of anonymity, which could result in exaggeration, underplaying the crime, or just lying. Not only is this but it is open to mistakes due to relying on the memories of its participants, which may mean the results are wrong. Also there is a problem in that victims are categorising the crimes themselves, and so it may exaggerate some forms of crime, making them out to be more or less serious. Studies found too that types of corporate crime tended to be ignored; due to there it is seen as ââ¬Ëminorââ¬â¢ compared to assault for example. Sexual crimes also tend not to be reported; due to the stigmaââ¬â¢s attached to them. Young people are too excluded from this survey, as only over 18ââ¬â¢s participate, and so a large majority of the population is ignored, and this means that victims of on-going child abuse canââ¬â¢t report being a victim. This obviously is one explanation as to how these statistics cannot be relied on to be wholly reliable. One argument against official crime statistics is that they are a record of crime, which are recorded by police, rather than of crimes reported to police, minor crimes for example like petty theft or vandalism may not be thought of as serious enough to record and therefore would not be included in the report. Another type of crime which falls into this category is domestic violence; many of these crimes arenââ¬â¢t recorded, due to the fact that it is so difficult to point the finger of blame. This means that we do not see a true figure of crimes which the police are faced with, only the ones which they pursue further. This shows that it falls to the judgement of the police to choose what is deemed a ââ¬Ëcrimeââ¬â¢ and what is to be followed up. It is also suggested that police will record more crimes at points of the year when they are not so busy, however at times that crimes rates are high, less ââ¬Ëtrivialââ¬â¢ crimes will be recorded, this is because it frees up officers for more ââ¬Ëimportantââ¬â¢ duties, and saves the police force extra work on things they donââ¬â¢t see as worthwhile, furthermore officers will record crimes more, or more high profile crimes, if they are looking to boost their own career, they may record more `straightforward` crimes, so that they can solve more cases, and benefit from a promotion. Some crimes are recorded, but due to work loads of officers may later be removed from records and classified as ââ¬Ënon-crimesââ¬â¢ in order to decrease heavy work schedules. A second problem with official crime statistics is that many crimes go unreported, particularly domestic violence and sexual abuse; this is due to the fact that the crimes are seen as `taboo` and carry labels of ââ¬Ëshameââ¬â¢ and in some communities these issues are seen as the norm, in the past for example many people simply accepted domestic violence as a common part of marriage, and something that could be resolved by the couple themselves; an example of this would be the fact only recently has it been possible for a husband to be convicted of raping his wife. When the man is the victim of domestic violence too, or a child is being abused, the crimes often go unreported, due to the shame of telling, and fear of not being believed. Also minor crimes, in which the victim feels that it is not worth making a statement, they do not report it. Gang crimes often go unreported due to the fact that they tend to take the law into their own hands, rather than seek retribution from the state, they go out and seek it directly from the perpetrator themselves, often reciprocating with a similar act of violence, which they had previously been a victim of. This is because they see their method as more effective and brings with it a higher status than reporting the crime to the authorities does. Other reasons for not reporting the police include, being scared of the person who carried out the crime, a drug dealer beating up a drug addict who has not paid him would be an example of this, the crime may be reported to other authorities, like the council, medical boards etc. or it is thought that many people do not report crimes, due to anti-police feelings. It is a well known fact that only a very small percentage of rape cases actually make it to court, even smaller is chance of a conviction. It is for this reason that victims are often very reluctant to report the crime, as the process of giving evidence and standing up in court is highly stressful, and weighed against the fact that it is unlikely to secure a conviction; it may be altogether less painful to not report it.
Healthy Eating Companion App
Healthy Eating Companion App 1.INTRODUCTION Healthy eating is the most important factor in maintaining health. It is considered as most important means of promoting health. Healthy eating is an overall sense of well being and also helps in preventing many chronic diseases. Healthy and unhealthy eating are both influenced by variety of factors. The application allows users to specify their dietary requirements, based on which the application makes suggestions as to how much exercise the user needs to do that day. It also suggests healthy meals to the user based on their dietary plan. It is very important that we follow a good nutritious diet for our bodies to function properly and stay healthy Foods are made up of six classes of nutrients. These nutrients are macronutrients (protein, carbohydrates, fats), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and water. If you neglect to have the right combination of these six items, it will be very difficult to live a healthy lifestyle. 2.BACKGROUND Rapid developments have encouraged using smartphones in health promotion research. Although many applications which are related to diet and health are available from major smartphone platforms. The few have been tested in research studies in order to determine the apps effectiveness in promoting health. Healthy eating helps us to maintain a healthy weight and also avoid certain health problems. Diet can have profound effect on sense of wellbeing. Studies have shown that eating Western diet with processed meats, packaged meals, takeout food, and sugary snacks will result in high rate of stress, depression, and anxiety. Eating an unhealthy diet may cause mental health disorders such as Alzheimers disease, schizophrenia, and increased risk of suicide in young people. Eating vegetables and fruits, cooking meals at home, reducing intake of sugar and refined carbohydrates may help to improve health and lower your risk for mental health problems. 3.TEAM ROLES Name:à à à à à à à à à à à à à RUCHITA BHAGAT Roles:à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Project Manager Description:à Ruchita will be responsible for leading the project and managing contact and feedback from stakeholders.à The project manager will be checking to make sure tasks are completed by time. The manager will also be in charger of making sure the different area of the project are communicating with each other. Name:à à à à à à à à à à à à à STACY LLOYD Roles:à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Graphical User Interface Design Description:à à à Stacy will be responsible for designing the graphical user interfaces for the application and the graphical assets for the interface for the application for all platforms. They will be expected to update there designs from testing feedback and giving the new designs to the application development.à They are also expected to help with testing when there is no graphical work is required. Name:à à à à à à à à à à à à à MANASA KOMPELLI Roles:à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Application Development Description:à à à Manasa will be responsible for developing the application, implementing the graphical user interface with the graphical assets. They will be expected to implement the logical code and fixing software bugs. If no work for the application is currently needed they are expected to help with the service/ database development or testing the application. Name:à à à à à à à à à à à à à TYRONE BRAMWELL Roles:à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Service/ Database Development Description:à à à Tyrone will be responsible for designing and developing the sever side software and the database required for the proposed system. They will also be expected to look at hosting solutions for storing the database and running the server software.à They will be expected to fix software bugs and help with the application development and testing. Name:à à à à à à à à à à à à à JOHN SMITH Roles:à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Testing/ Quality assurance Description:à à à John will be responsible for designing test suits for the application and service/ database, creating automated testing for both part of the software. They will be expected to find bugs and problems with the software and verifying the solution meets the specification. They will also be expected to investigate bugs and ways to replicate them so they can be tested for on the next build. 4.SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE 4.1 SCOPE The scope of the project is to build and design a cross platform application which links to services. The application helps the people to live healthy life and it also helps the people to keep the fat off and stay toned. It is the healthy meal planner combined with quick workout routines. The application allows users to specify their own dietary requirements so that application makes suggestions on healthy meals and also how much exercise the user needs to do that particular day. Healthy Eating Companion App is like coach in your pocket, always ready to help. The App analyses your food diary, calculates your targets and guides you with personalized advice and diet tips. The users will start using the application by selecting an appropriate plan in the application or by designing their own. The application estimates the intake of carbohydrates, fats and proteins based on users input, and suggest meals based on their daily allowance estimated from their dietary plan.à The app provides the users with optional information about the activity required to burn the calories consumed per meal in various forms (walking, cycling, swimming, cardio, etc.). The goal of application is to lose weight, get fit and gain weight with sustainable happy and healthier lifestyle 4.2 OBJECTIVE Healthy Eating Companion App is an application which helps people to follow their dietary plan and stay on track towards their goal. Its helps to follow meal plans and workouts created by experts trainers. It helps how to gain or lose weight with healthy diets and workout routines. It is a personalized step-by-step guide accommodating everyone,from beginners to advanced fitness enthusiasts, providing Workout plans to challenge you and make you progress. Customized healthy meals and diet plans Foods to eat and foods to avoid Healthy recipes Healthy eating companion app improves your nutrition and provides you with the healthy eating tools you need to reach your health and weight goals by Organizing your week with a healthy meal plan Providing you with over 300 healthy recipes customized to your personal tastes. Keeping track of users daily calorie burn. Accommodating dietary preferences vegetarian,vegan,pescatarian diets. 5.REQUIREMENTS Req Code Details R01 Build a companion app R02 Store users diet requirements R03 Provide an exercise plan to users R04 Meal plans based on diet requirements R05 Exercise plans based on food intake R06 Suggest health meal plans and alternatives R07 Allow user to input honest intake R08 Allow users to design own meal plans R09 Provide optional information on exercises R10 Show alternative Exercise R11 Show calories burned by exercise R12 Estimate Fats, carbohydrates and proteins from user input 6.SPECIFICATION Spec Code Req Code Details S01 R01 Use C# with .Mono to create a cross platform app for windows, Windows Mobile, android, iOS, mac OSX and linux S02 R02 R07 R08 Use MySQL for the database technology as its one of the recommend database technologies to uses with mono (External Database). SQLite for storing information if using an internal database (Internal Database). Could use CSV and other data files for storing data S03 R02 R07 R08 Design a database to store information S04 R02 R07 R08 Create a database to store user information S05 R02 Design a GUI to input and edit diet requirements S06 R02 Create a GUI to input and edit diet requirements S07 R02 Create code to store diet requirements input and allow editing them into database S08 R03 Store possible exercise plans in database S09 R03 Design a GUI to view possible exercise plans S10 R03 Code GUI and code retrieving exercise plans S11 R04 Store possible meal plans in database S12 R04 Design a GUI to view possible meal plans S13 R04 Code GUI and code retrieving meal plans S14 R05 Code recommending exercise plans from food intake S15 R05 Design and Code GUI for recommending exercise plan S16 R06 Code recommending healthier meal plans and alternative meal plans S17 R07 Create and design a GUI for inputting users honest intake S18 R07 Store and retrieve user honest intake from database. S19 R08 Create and Code GUI for allowing user to input own meal plan S20 R08 Store and retrieve user meal plans from database. S21 R09 Store optional information on exercises S22 R09 Design and create a GUI for viewing optional exercises information. S23 R10 Create and design a GUI showing alternative exercises. S24 R10 Store alternative exercises in database S25 R11 Display user information on how many calories an exercise burns S26 R12 Write code which works out from the user honest inputs and Estimate Fats, carbohydrates and proteins S27 R12 Store Estimate Fats, carbohydrates and proteins in a database 7.TIMELINE AND WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE 7.1 Timeline 7.2 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.1 PLANNING à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.1.1 PROJECT OBJEVTIVE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.1.2 PROJECT MOTIVATION à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.1.3 PROJECT MANAGEMENT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.2 ANALIZING PROJECT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.2.1 PROJECT SCHEDULE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.2.2 REQUIRED DOCUMENTS à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.3 TIME MANAGEMENT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.3.1 TIME SCALE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.4 PERFORM QUALITY ATTRIBUTES à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.4.1 MEETING SCHEDULE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.4.2 MEETING AGENDAS à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.5 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1.6 STEERING COMMITTEE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2 DESIGN à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.1 PREPARING DESIGN à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.1.1 DESIGN DOCUMENT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.1.2 DESIGN OVERVIEW à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.2 PREPARING DESIGN SPECIFICATION à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.2.1 DESIGN INTERFACE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.2.2 DESIGN FOR SCREEN à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.3 REVIEW DESIGN à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.4 TECHNICAL DESIGN à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2.4.1 INTERFACES à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3 DEVELOPMENT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3.1 DEVELOPING SOFTWARE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3.2 BACKEND SOFTWARE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3.2.1 DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3.2.2 MIDDLEWARE DEVELOPMENT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3.2.3 GRAPHICS AND INTERFACE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3.2.4 CONTENT CREATION à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 3.3 PROCURING SOFTWARE PACKAGES à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 4 TESTING à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 4.1 INTEGRATION TESTING à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 4.2 DEVELOPING TESTS REPORT à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 4.3 ACCEPTANCE TESTING à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 5 MAINTENANCE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 5.1 HARDWARE MAINTENANCE à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 5.2 SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE 8.LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES 8.1 legal issues Copy right The images for developing healthy eating companion app should be copyright free to use in designing. Copyright arises automatically and is owned by the author of a work. Source code is classified as a literary work and attracts copyright protection immediately upon creation, although protection also extends to images and animations Trade marks Developers look to the future to establish themselves in a highly competitive market andà à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à setting themselves apart. Trade marks are not necessarily complex and gained a reputation for dealing with matters quickly and efficiently ensuring costs do not escalate unnecessarily. Data protection issues Many apps not only run on mobile devices and also access to other data, such as details of the users social media account stored on the device. The users profile data in the application should not be shared with other people. It must also not be kept for any longer than necessary. Unauthorised access The data or information is used by another Unauthorized access and disclosure of health information can result in insurance and employment discrimination, as well as embarrassment and other dignitary harms Legal Uncertainity The information regarding users profile regarding his diet plans in application deleted ,edited or modifiedà led to a law making it a criminal offence to do certain things. 8.2 Ethical issues Honesty and Integrity This means we need to work honestly which applies to methods ,data and results. we should always keep to any agreements and act sincerely when working with others. Objectivity we should aim to avoid prejudice against one person or group in any aspect of project which include data analysis,design, interpretation, and review. And also you need to disclose any financial or personal interests that may affect project. Carefulness Care should be taken in carrying out project to avoid mistakes. The work should be reviewed properly to ensure results are credible. It is also very important to keep full records of project regarding users profile. Confidentiality Respect should be given to anything that has been provided in confidence. You should also follow guidelines on protection of sensitive information such as users profiles in the application. Legality Aware of laws and regulations that govern your work, and be sure that you conform to them. 8.3 Social Issues Privacy Personal health records and applications record sensitive personal information of the users across a variety of devices, including mobile devices. Ensuring both robust security and ease of use is a challenge for the designers of personal health applications. 9. PRODUCT/SERVICE DESCRIPTION This project is to create food intake app which can recommend exercise plans from the users honest input. The application is developed with C# with .Mono to create a cross platform app for windows, Windows Mobile, android, iOS, mac OSX and linux. 10. RISK ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION L Likelihood, S Severity, D Detectablescore: 1 10 Risk Details L S D Total Score Mitigation Data Loss Code, Database or other work done could be lost during development stages or afterwards 4 8 3 96 Keep multiple backups of data storing them in different location. Version controlling the data reduces the chances of data being corrupted and overwriting the file in the back ups. Lack of communication with stakeholders A lack of communication with stakeholders could lead to the project being built which is not what the stakeholders wanted. 3 6 4 72 Making regular meetings with stakeholders and show deliverables and documentation would help get feedback and make sure everyone has the same idea of the project. Illness Staff could become ill which could delay the project or require new staff brought to the project and trained increasing the costs. 4 7 5 140 Staff becoming ill should not work so they dont spread the illness. If long term then a temporary replacement will need to be found Hardware Failure Computer hardware could be broken or break causing repair costs and time. Could cause data failures 3 8 2 48 Hardware like computers and servers might break. Replacement hardware should be kept and funding to buy replacement hardware should be kept. Legal Issues Parts of the project may come into legal issues over copyright materials and data protection 3 8 5 120 Make sure all material used we have rights to uses or own the copyright. Make sure we follow laws to best of our ability. Data being stolen Data stored in the database may be personal to people and could cause harm if stolen 4 8 8 256 Make sure we use best practises. Keep software up to date and encrypt all identifiable and private data. Hosting Services going down The database and the server side software is going to be stored on a hosting server if it goes down then the app wouldnt work. 3 7 2 42 Use a hosting services with a low down time and keep a copy of all data so it be easy to move to a different hosting services Staff leaving Staff leaving would cause staff shortages and they may take the knowledge base they have with them. 4 6 1 24 A replacement would need to found and training provided. All staff should document everything they do so new staff and old staff know how software works. KEY ELEMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT 11. References 1. Niva M. All foods which affects health: understanding of functional foods and healthy eating among health oriented tips. Appetite. 2007;384-93. 2. Shepherd J, Harden A, Rees R, Brunton G, Garcia J, Oliver S. Young people and their healthy eating: a systematic review of research on barriers and facilitators. Health Education Res. 2006;21:239-57. 3. Join WHO/FAO expert consultation. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2003. p. 149. 4. Polivy J, Herman CP. Mental health and eating behaviours: a bi-directional relation. Can J Public Health. 2005;96(Suppl 3):S43-6. S49-53. 5.Morgan Leslie Segal,Harvard school of Public Health;best food sources.health benefits.1939-2017. 6. Anthony Alayon Posted in: Diet and Nutrition;Health-Reporter-Daily. 101 Toxic Food Ingredients They Never Told You About. 2005 p.278 7. Aasim Durrani- Legal-issues-for-mobile-app-developers;2013 p.346 8.Resnick,D,B.What is Ethics in Research and Why is it important:List adapted from ShamooA and Resnik D.2015,3rd ed.
Wednesday, October 2, 2019
A Response to the Great Depression Essay -- essays papers
A Response to the Great Depression The Great Depression of the 1930s was the economic event of the 20th century. The Great Depression began in 1929 when the entire world suffered an enormous drop in output and an unprecedented rise in unemployment. World economic output continued to decline until 1932 when it clinked bottom at 50% of its 1929 level. Unemployment soared, in the United States it peaked at 24.9% in 1933. Real economic output (real GDP) fell by 29% from 1929 to 1933 and the US stock market lost 89.5% of its value. Another unusual aspect of the Great Depression was deflation. Prices fell 25%, 30%, 30%, and 40% in the UK, Germany, the US, and France respectively from 1929 to 1933. These were the four largest economies in the world at that time. In the United States the Great Depression brought forth many problems. There was both a physical and psychological impact on the entire nation. Many feared losing their jobs and the high rate of unemployment cause much anxiety. People were becoming depressed and the numbers of attempted and/or committed suicides were increasing. The impact on the nations health was also an issue. Thousands of people were going hungry, causing people to grow their own food and eat wild berries and other plants. Children were suffering from poor diets and inadequate medical attention, which lead to many other health problems. Living conditions changed when multiple families began crowding into small houses and apartments in at...
Tuesday, October 1, 2019
Information processing and cognitive development Essay -- essays resea
Information Processing and Cognitive Development à à à à à Information processing is a perspective (approach) to the study of cognition and cognitive development in which the mind is likened to a computer. However, rather than focusing on mere input and output, psychologists who adhere to this approach place specific emphasis on the processes of cognitive development. Cognitive perspectives examine development in terms of mental processing. The two major views within this subject are cognitive developmental theory and information processing theory. à à à à à Theorists claim that our cognitive processes are like that of a computer. They have used this as a model to break down the process of the human thinking processes and cognitive performance. When you receive some stimuli through your senses, your brain puts this information into the sensory store. Then the information is placed into short term memory. If the information is not encoded from short term memory to long term memory, the information is lost. However, once in long term memory the information is ready for retrieval (Cook). It is important to understand some of the key assumptions of this approach, including the emphasis on, the role of the knowledge base in cognitive development; the conceptualization of thinking as involving distinct processes executed over time, and the ways in which change in the system can occur (Miller). à à à à à It is a fact th...
Ethical Business Practices
Today we will evaluate the PepsiCo past performance marketing their product using the six pillars of the marketing code of ethicsââ¬âhonesty, responsibility, caring, respect, fairness, and citizenship. I will also outline how PepsiCo could make further progress as a good corporate citizen when it comes to consumption of its products, such as green initiatives and philanthropic commitments. Code of Ethics According to ââ¬Å"Worldââ¬â¢s Most Ethical Companiesâ⬠(2011), PepsiCo made the list for most ethical companyââ¬â¢s in the world. So you may be asking yourself were can there be room for improvement. Let me be the first to fill you in on a little secret, no matter how good you are room for improvement will always be there. The PepsiCo include soft drink brands include Pepsi, Mountain Dew, and Mug. Cola is not the company's only beverage: Pepsi sells Tropicana orange juice brands, Gatorade sports drink, SoBe tea, and Aquafina water. The company also owns Frito-Lay, the world's #1 snack maker with offerings such as Lay's, Ruffles, Doritos, and Fritos. Its Quaker Foods unit offers breakfast cereals (Life, Quaker Oats), rice (Rice-A-Roni), and side dishes (Near East). Pepsi's products are available in more than 200 countries. In 2010 the company acquired its two largest bottlers: Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas. Responsibly and Caring PepsiCo takes pride in their quest of providing more food and beverage choices made with wholesome ingredients that contribute to healthier eating and drinking. This means increasing the amount of whole grains, fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds and low-fat dairy in our global product portfolio. It also means reducing the average amount of sodium per serving in key global food brands, in key countries, by 25 percent by 2015 reducing the average amount of saturated fat per serving in key global food brands, in key countries, by 15 percent by 2020) reducing the average amount of added sugar per serving in key global beverage brands, in key countries, by 25 percent by 2020 (ââ¬Å"Human Sustainabilityâ⬠, 2012). Honesty According to ââ¬Å"Nutritional Labelingâ⬠(2012), PepsiCo is committed to providing safe products and to protecting equity in our brands, trademarks and goodwill. In addition, we're working to ensure that by 2012, basic nutritional information is available to consumers on packages (where feasible to print on the packaging and where permissible by local regulations) for all of our food and beverage products in key markets. In countries where we've already met this standard, we're also working toward an additional goal displaying calorie or energy counts on the fronts of packages. We have already implemented front-of-pack labeling on many products in the U. K. and many other European countries, as well as in Australia. And we are rapidly expanding implementation in a number of countries around the globe, including the U. S. , Canada, Mexico and Brazil (ââ¬Å"Nutritional Labelingâ⬠, 2012). Improvements PepsiCo could make a few changes to improve their ethical ranking with the people and media. The first improvement would be triple checking are product for quality and safeness. Nothing worst then having case of sodas sitting in the warehouse with rats around dropping waste everywhere. Or giving you kid oatmeal and it has a dead bug on the inside that kind of stuff will change a person life. I know you canââ¬â¢t catch everything, but they need to minimize to the fullest. The second improvement would be lower some of the sugar levels in a lot of their products. With America youth being obese parents would take notice that this company is stepping the proper steps to help with their kidââ¬â¢s future. Iââ¬â¢m sure Americaââ¬â¢s youth consumer over a billions sodas year and with the lack of working out kids are getting obese it is not just because they drink soda, however soda doesnââ¬â¢t help. While we all know it hard having a good reputation itââ¬â¢s even harder trying to maintain it. PepsiCo has been during ok for many years and Iââ¬â¢m sure that will not change for some time to come. The code of ethics is just a stepping stone for companies to follow it is total up to them to go above and beyond the call of their ethical duties to improve the quality of their employees and consumers alike. So in closing I feel PepsiCo has room for improvement and Iââ¬â¢m sure they will close that window soon enough.
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